Vol. 14 Núm. 1 (2025): Revista de Investigaciones
Artí­culos Originales

Capacidad fitorremediadora de tarwi (lupinus mutabilis sweet) mediante incorporación de enmiendas orgánicas a suelos contaminados por mercurio procedente de actividad minera

Reynaldo Salas Sucaticona
Universidad Nacional del Altiplano
volumen 14 numero 1 2025

Publicado 2025-03-31

Palabras clave

  • Enmienda orgánica,
  • fitoextracción,
  • remoción de mercurio,
  • restauración,
  • tasa de crecimiento

Derechos de autor 2025 Reynaldo Sucaticona

Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.

Cómo citar

Salas Sucaticona, R. (2025). Capacidad fitorremediadora de tarwi (lupinus mutabilis sweet) mediante incorporación de enmiendas orgánicas a suelos contaminados por mercurio procedente de actividad minera. Revista De Investigaciones, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.26788/ri.v14i1.6516

Resumen

La contaminación de suelos por metales pesados es una de las principales preocupaciones ambientales que enfrenta el mundo en la actualidad, genera el deterioro del suelo, produce efectos tóxicos en el ecosistema vivo y en la salud pública. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar la capacidad fitorremediadora del tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) mediante la incorporación de enmiendas orgánicas a suelos contaminados por mercurio procedente de actividad minera. La investigación corresponde al enfoque cuantitativo y diseño experimental, se determinó el porcentaje de remoción de mercurio total, análisis foliar de hoja raíz y tallo del tarwi, calcularon tasas de crecimiento absoluta (TAC) y relativa (TRC) y evaluaron las características agronómicas en el suelo contaminado. Los resultados revelaron que mejor tratamiento fue el T4 (SC+EV+T) con una reducción de 2,079 mg/kg que equivale a una remoción de 31,82 %. En relación a las tasas de crecimiento absoluta (TAC) y relativa (TRC) fueron significativamente diferentes en todos los tratamientos (p<0,05), donde el incremento máximo diario de longitud fue de 0,678 cm/día (TAC) y 4,149 %/día (TRC) correspondiente al T4 (SC+EV+T), la adición de enmiendas orgánicas incrementa la materia orgánica en el suelo, siendo el tratamiento T4 (SC+EV+T) el mejor tratamiento con un incremento de 249 %. En conclusión, la biodisponibilidad de Hg en suelos tiende a disminuir a través de la adición de enmiendas orgánicas, las diferencias de las tasas de crecimiento se relacionan directamente al contenido de materia orgánica y la incorporación de las enmiendas orgánicas mejoró las características agronómicas del suelo.

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