OBTENCIÓN DE CARBONATO DE LITIO MEDIANTE PROCESO DE LIXIVIACIÓN, CONCENTRACIÓN, EVAPORACIÓN Y PRECIPITACIÓN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26788/ri.v11i2.3433Palabras clave:
Palabras clave: Concentración, lixiviación, litio. purificación, precipitación.Resumen
El mineral de litio de Macusani Puno Perú, se ha estimado un recurso de 4.7 millones de toneladas como carbonato de litio con una ley de 3500 ppm de Li. Tiene como objetivo obtener carbonato de litio mediante proceso de lixiviación, concentración, evaporación y precipitación. El tratamiento del mineral litio, se inició con las operaciones de chancado y molienda, en esta etapa se utilizó una chancadora de laboratorio y un pulverizador de anillos, el mineral fue molido hasta 87 % malla -200. Se obtuvo lixiviado de Li2SO4 mediante el proceso por tostación de mineral de litio con ácido sulfúrico concentrado a temperatura de 250 °C, el rendimiento de extracción alcanzó al 93 % de Li, así como la disolución del mineral con fluoruro de sodio y ácido sulfúrico en autoclave a temperatura de 125 ºC y alta presión (0,2 MPa) por 3 horas, el porcentaje de extracción de litio alcanzó al 92 %. En la segunda etapa se purificó los lixiviados de litio con cal, las impurezas fueron removidas al 99,92 %, se incrementó la concentración de calcio debido al uso de cal, la presencia de este elemento fue eliminado por precipitación con oxalato de amonio. Luego de la purificación la solución se encuentra libre de impurezas, en seguida de concentró el litio por evaporación de 1,2 g/L hasta 18,7 g/L de Li. El concentrado de litio se precipitó con carbonato de sodio a temperatura de 95 °C, obteniéndose el carbonato de litio con una pureza de 98,80 %. Se utilizaron tres diseños experimentales. Se obtuvo carbonato de litio de grado técnico mediante procesos de tratamiento químico-metalúrgicos.
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Derechos de autor 2022 German Quille Calizaya
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
